Keith L. Pardieck David J. Ziolkowski, Jr. Michael Lutmerding Veronica I. Aponte Marie-Anne R. Hudson Erin Stockenberg 20200623 Electronic text files. Laurel, MD U.S. Geological Survey This dataset is a subset of data attributes selected from the (full) 1966-2019 North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) dataset to assist in populating the U.S. Fish and Wildlife's FWSpecies application. This subset data was used to add species occurrence information to species lists for each refuge in the Pacific Northwest (Washington, Oregon, Idaho). The full dataset can be accessed online through ScienceBase. And this metadata leaves most metadata fields untouched from the original, except to add details related to additional processing to make a refuge specific subset, for a specific purpose (populating species lists/occurrences on refuges). All questions regarding the BBS data itself should go to USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center. The 1966-2019 North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) dataset contains avian point count data for more than 700 North American bird taxa (species, races, and unidentified species groupings). These data are collected annually during the breeding season, primarily in June, along thousands of randomly established roadside survey routes in the United States and Canada. Routes are roughly 24.5 miles (39.2 km) long with counting locations placed at approximately half-mile (800-m) intervals, for a total of 50 stops. At each stop, a citizen scientist highly skilled in avian identification conducts a 3-minute point count, recording every bird seen or heard within a quarter-mile (400-m) radius. Surveys begin 30 minutes before local sunrise and take approximately 5 hours to complete. Routes are sampled once per year, with the total number of routes sampled per year growing over time; just over 500 routes were sampled in 1966, while in recent decades approximately 3000 routes have been sampled annually. In addition to avian count data, this dataset also contains survey date, survey start and end times, start and end weather conditions, a unique observer identification number, route identification information, and route location information including country, state, and BCR, as well as geographic coordinates of route start point, and an indicator of run data quality. The North American Breeding Bird Survey uses standardized, statistically rigorous protocols to deliver scientifically credible measures of the status, trends, and environmental associations of North American birds. Federal, State, and local resource planners throughout the U.S. and Canada make extensive use of BBS information to identify at-risk species and to make wildlife management decisions. This is a subset of the full North American Breeding Bird Survey Dataset, further processing was done to tag refuge locations and simplify attributes to suit the process of developing a species list (occurrences) on wildlife refuges. 1966 2019 ground condition Complete Annually Washington, Oregon, Idaho -125.5078 -110.5664 49.2678 41.1125 USGS Thesaurus Birds Ecosystems, Status and Trends biodiversity population trends avian point counts relative abundance population distribution USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:5ea04e9a82cefae35a129d65 Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) North America United States of America Canada United States USGS Biocomplexity Thesaurus Birds American Ornithologists' Union 1998 ONLINE_REFERENCE Washington, D.C. American Ornithologists' Union https://americanornithology.org/publications/north-and-middle-american-checklist/ Chesser, R Terry , Kevin J Burns, Carla Cicero, Jon L Dunn, Andrew W Kratter, Irby J Lovette, Pamela C Rasmussen, J V Remsen, Jr, Douglas F Stotz, and Kevin Winker 2019 ONLINE_REFERENCE Unknown The Auk, Volume 136, Issue 3, 1 July 2019, ukz042 https://doi.org/10.1093/auk/ukz042 Dave Ziolkowski, Jr. USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center mailing and physical

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Laurel MD 20708-4038 USA 301-497-5753 dziolkowski@usgs.gov expert advice; identification keys Data are collected by individuals who are highly skilled in aural and visual identification of wild birds. The data are then reviewed by area experts for accuracy, with appropriate corrections made, as necessary, in consultation with the observer, reference works, and local area experts. The majority of birds are identified to the level of species. In some cases individuals are identified to race or an unidentified species group. See the file SpeciesList.txt for the list of species and taxa groups. Numerous changes in the taxonomy of North American birds have occurred since 1966, and are described in the sixth and seventh editions of the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds and subsequent supplements. The BBS attempts to maintain a database that reflects these taxonomic and nomenclatural changes. However, in some cases BBS data management needs dictate deviation from the AOU (now the AOS) check-list. For example, when two or more species have been lumped into a single species the BBS usually maintains the former species as separate taxonomic entities within the database. Thus lumping and re-splitting of some species during the history of the BBS has not affected how the data have been treated. When a species is split into two or more species the treatment of existing data within the database is dependent on the population distributions of the new species. If their population distributions are completely disjunct, then assignment of existing data within the database to the new species poses no problems. If the new species' population distributions overlap, then it may not be possible to assign existing data to the appropriate species group, and it may dictate the formation of an indeterminate taxa group composed of the two or more overlapping species. The BBS uses a 5-digit species identification code to uniquely identify taxa within the database. These codes were originally derived from American Ornithologists' Union's species identification numbers, and are referred to as "AOU" numbers in the data tables (see the the file SpeciesList.txt). [Note: the American Ornithologists' Union is now known as the American Ornithological Society.] The AOU abandoned this numbering system, but it was continued in the numbering system of Sibley and Monroe (1990) [Sibley, C.G., and B.L. Monroe, Jr. 1990. Distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. 1111p.] The BBS no longer attempts to maintain concordance with either species numbering system. Thus, the "AOU" numbers are simply 5-digit species identification codes used to manage data within the BBS database. Kingdom Animalia Subkingdom Bilateria Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Infraphylum Gnathostomata Superclass Tetrapoda Class Aves Birds oiseaux none. https://doi.org/10.5066/P9J6QUF6 This database, identified as the North American Breeding Bird Survey Dataset, has been approved for release and publication by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Canadian Wildlife Service of Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC). Although this database has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS and ECCC reserve the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on the condition that the USGS, the U.S. Government, the ECCC, and the Canadian Government may not be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use. Use of these BBS data should be formally recognized in publications, presentations and other outlets via appropriate citation and acknowledgements. [Citation: Pardieck, K.L., Ziolkowski Jr., D.J., Lutmerding, M., Aponte, V.I., and Hudson, M-A.R., 2020, North American Breeding Bird Survey Dataset 1966 - 2019: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9J6QUF6.] Additionally, all work using these data should acknowledge the thousands of dedicated U.S. and Canadian participants who annually perform and coordinate the survey. If a publication is to be based on the analysis of BBS data, we encourage you to read and understand these metadata and supporting documents. The National BBS staff are also available to address any questions regarding the collection and presentation of these data. Also, depending on time constraints and other factors, BBS staff may be available to assist with the writing and/or review of the manuscript. It is in the best interest of the BBS program to demonstrate the utility of the data. One way we do this is by posting a BBS-based bibliography. Upon publication of your research, we encourage you to send the National BBS office a quick note with a link to your paper or a pdf copy so we can include it. Thank you for supporting the BBS program and we look forward to learning of your work. Keith L. Pardieck USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center Wildlife Biologist mailing and physical

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Laurel MD 20708-4038 USA 301-497-5843 kpardieck@usgs.gov U.S. Geological Survey Patuxent Wildlife Research Center; Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted This dataset is a subset of data attributes selected from the (full) 1966-2019 North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) dataset to assist in populating the U.S. Fish and Wildlife's FWSpecies application. This subset data was used to add species occurence information to species lists for each refuge in the Pacific Northwest (Washington, Oregon, Idaho). The full dataset can be accessed online through ScienceBase. The data set has been subjected to multiple computerized quality assurance and quality control routines that evaluate the data for computational, value range, and species range errors. Flags raised during the QAQC process are manually reviewed by professional staff for accuracy, with appropriate corrections made in consultation with the observers, reference works, and local area experts. Upon completion of data processing, the observers are asked to complete one final data review to ensure accuracy. Detailed information about the completeness of the BBS database can be found in the file "Completeness_Report_NABBS_Dataset_1966-2019.pdf". In addition to the new records for 2019, the following route data from earlier years (82 runs, identified by their Year, CountryNum, StateNum and Route) were processed during the 2019 season and are available for the first time in the 2019 release: (2018,124,11,233); (2018,124,65,228); (2018,124,68,207); (2018,124,68,251); (2018,840,2,38); (2018,840,2,52); (2018,840,2,53); (2018,840,2,66); (2018,840,2,70); (2018,840,2,214); (2018,840,3,411); (2018,840,3,435); (2018,840,6,17); (2018,840,6,105); (2018,840,6,130); (2018,840,6,176); (2018,840,14,108); (2018,840,14,194); (2018,840,14,195); (2018,840,17,303); (2018,840,18,10); (2018,840,21,107); (2018,840,27,327); (2018,840,33,204); (2018,840,35,115); (2018,840,38,34); (2018,840,44,27); (2018,840,44,134); (2018,840,44,306); (2018,840,46,145); (2018,840,47,10); (2018,840,50,7); (2018,840,50,80); (2018,840,51,23); (2018,840,51,113); (2018,840,52,144); (2018,840,53,137); (2018,840,53,332); (2018,840,53,424); (2018,840,61,52); (2018,840,61,58); (2018,840,66,85); (2018,840,69,3); (2018,840,69,41); (2018,840,69,901); (2018,840,77,4); (2018,840,80,116); (2018,840,81,49); (2018,840,81,704); (2018,840,83,77); (2018,840,83,361); (2018,840,85,165); (2018,840,91,5); (2018,840,91,23); (2018,840,91,302); (2017,840,3,122); 2017,840,35,115); (2017,840,38,34); (2017,840,38,35); (2017,840,44,9); (2017,840,44,19); (2017,840,53,86); (2017,840,66,85); (2017,840,67,12); (2017,840,72,194); (2017,840,72,195); (2017,840,82,906); (2017,840,88,1); (2016,124,65,126); (2016,840,3,122); (2016,840,38,34); (2016,840,38,35); (2016,840,67,12); (2016,840,67,30); (2016,840,88,1); (2016,840,90,11); (2015,840,35,115); (2015,840,38,34); (2015,840,38,35); (2015,840,67,30); (2014,840,35,115); (2011,840,87,19). Note that each of these records also has an RPID value of 101. No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted Field Sample locations are established using a stratified random process within a state/province/territory, where the stratification units are 1-degree blocks of latitude-longitude. Site selection is constrained by availability of suitable roads to conduct counts. Sample routes consist of 50 roadside sample locations spaced at approximately 800-meter intervals, as road and safety conditions allow. A 3-minute point count is conducted at each stop by one person, highly skilled in avian identification, who identifies and records all birds detected. Each route starts 30 minutes before local sunrise and takes approximately 5 hours to complete. USGS and CWS 1998 Document www.pwrc.usgs.gov/bbs/participate/instructions.html Each year avian point count data are submitted to the National BBS office by participants via a web-based data entry program (Data Entry and Review Portal 3.0). In approximately 15% of cases data are entered online by BBS staff using the same web application when participant does not do so. The observer then mails hard copies of completed data forms to BBS office for quality assurance and archiving purposes. Once in the BBS database (MS SQL), the newly submitted data are then subjected to computerized quality assurance and quality control routines to identify potentially incorrect, out of range, or incomplete data values which are temporarily flagged. These data flags are then manually reviewed by BBS staff who use original data sheets, communication with observers and regional coordinators, expert knowledge, published references, and local experts to resolve the identified data flags. The goals are two-fold: ensure submitted data were reported and entered accurately and then indicate if a route-based data set meets BBS criteria. Once the data flags are resolved, the data are released to the observers for their review and comment. The data are then subjected to a final review during which the route-based data set is evaluated to determine if it meets BBS criteria: The BBS provides a “RunType” code in the file weather.csv to help data users determine which data do or do not meet the BBS program’s data quality criteria. Since 1966 approximately 10% of the route runs submitted have not met the criteria. See the file RunType.pdf for further information. 202004 This dataset is a subset of data attributes selected from the (full) 1966-2019 North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) dataset to assist in populating the U.S. Fish and Wildlife's FWSpecies application. This subset data was used to add species occurrence information to species lists for each refuge in the Pacific Northwest (Washington, Oregon, Idaho). Processing was done to tag refuge locations and simplify attributes to suit the process of developing a species list (occurrences) on wildlife refuges. Additionally, only select fields were retained to suit the purpose of developing a simplified list of documented species occurrences (by location, e.g .routes and/or refuges). 1966-2019 North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) 20220713 Point NABBS_Dataset1966_2019-R1NWR.csv A Comma Separated Value (CSV) data file, provided as a zipped file (NABBS_Dataset1966_2019-R1NWR.zip), containing a list of routes with location name, latitude and longitude of the start point, stratum, BCR, and an indication of whether or not each route is currently active. There are multiple species occurrences recorded in the NABBS_Dataset1966_2019-R1NWR.csv file for each BBS route on or located within 5 miles of, a national wildlife refuge. Producer Defined StateNum Two-digit numerical code that identifies the state, province or territory where the route is located. Leading zeros may not appear in the spreadsheet. Producer Defined 02,Alabama; 03,Alaska; 04,Alberta; 06,Arizona; 07,Arkansas; 11,British Columbia; 14,California; 17,Colorado; 18,Connecticut; 21,Delaware; 25,Florida; 27,Georgia; 33,Idaho; 34,Illinois; 35,Indiana; 36,Iowa; 38,Kansas; 39,Kentucky; 42,Louisiana; 43,Northwest Territories; 44,Maine; 45,Manitoba; 46,Maryland; 47,Massachusetts; 49,Michigan; 50,Minnesota; 51,Mississippi; 52,Missouri; 53,Montana; 54,Nebraska; 55,Nevada; 56,New Brunswick; 57,Newfoundland and Labrador; 58,New Hampshire; 59,New Jersey; 60,New Mexico; 61,New York; 62,Nunavut; 63,North Carolina; 64,North Dakota; 65,Nova Scotia; 66,Ohio; 67,Oklahoma; 68,Ontario; 69,Oregon; 72,Pennsylvania; 75,Prince Edward Island; 76,Quebec; 77,Rhode Island; 79,Saskatchewan; 80,South Carolina; 81,South Dakota; 82,Tennessee; 83,Texas; 85,Utah; 87,Vermont; 88,Virginia; 89,Washington; 90,West Virginia; 91,Wisconsin; 92,Wyoming; 93,Yukon Route Three-digit code that identifies the route; unique within states. (Leading zeros may not appear in the spreadsheet) Producer Defined 1 999 RouteName Name of the route. Producer Defined The name of the route, which is typically the name of a nearby population center or geographic feature. ActiveIndicates if the route is currently active, or has been discontinued. A route can be active and not sampled in a given year.Producer Defined 1 Active Producer defined 0 Discontinued Producer defined Latitude Latitude of the route start point (in decimal degrees, NAD 83). Producer Defined 24.597 81.825 Longitude Longitude of the route start point (in decimal degrees, NAD 83). Producer Defined -176.635 -52.678 StratumBBS physiographic stratum code for that route. Sources: (1) Droege, Sam. 1990. The North American Breeding Bird Survey. pages 1-4. in J.R. Sauer and S. Droege, eds. Survey designs and statistical methods for the estimation of avian population trends. USFWS Biological Report 90(1). 160 pp. (2) Bystrak, Danny. 1981. The North American Breeding Bird Survey. pages 34-41. in C.J. Ralph and J.M. Scott, eds. Estimating numbers of terrestrial birds. Studies in Avian Biology No. 6. 630 pp. For more information: http://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/bbs/StrataNames/index.htmlProducer Defined 1 Sub-tropical Producer defined 2 Floridian Producer defined 3 Coastal Flatwoods Producer defined 4 Upper Coastal Plain Producer defined 5 Mississippi Alluvial Plain Producer defined 6 Coastal Prairies Producer defined 7 South Texas Brushlands Producer defined 8 East Texas Prairies Producer defined 9 Glaciated Coastal Plain Producer defined 10 Northern Piedmont Producer defined 11 Southern Piedmont Producer defined 12 Southern New England Producer defined 13 Ridge and Valley Producer defined 14 Highland Rim Producer defined 15 Lexington Plain Producer defined 16 Great Lakes Plain Producer defined 17 Driftless Area Producer defined 18 St. Lawrence River Plain Producer defined 19 Ozark-Ouachita Plateau Producer defined 20 Great Lakes Transition Producer defined 21 Cumberland Plateau Producer defined 22 Ohio Hills Producer defined 23 Blue Ridge Mountains Producer defined 24 Allegheny Plateau Producer defined 25 Open Boreal Forest Producer defined 26 Adirondack Mountains Producer defined 27 Northern New England Producer defined 28 N. Spruce-Hardwoods Producer defined 29 Closed Boreal Forest Producer defined 30 Aspen Parklands Producer defined 31 Till Plains Producer defined 32 Dissected Till Plains Producer defined 33 Osage Plain-Cross Timbers Producer defined 34 High Plains Border Producer defined 35 Rolling Red Prairies Producer defined 36 High Plains Producer defined 37 Drift Prairie Producer defined 38 Glaciated Missouri Plateau Producer defined 39 Great Plains Roughlands Producer defined 40 Black Prairie Producer defined 53 Edward's Plateau Producer defined 54 Rolling Red Plains Producer defined 55 Staked Plains Producer defined 56 Chihuahuan Desert Producer defined 61 Black Hills Producer defined 62 Southern Rockies Producer defined 63 Fraser Plateau Producer defined 64 Central Rockies Producer defined 65 Dissected Rockies Producer defined 66 Sierra Nevada Producer defined 67 Cascade Mountains Producer defined 68 Northern Rockies Producer defined 80 Great Basin Deserts Producer defined 81 Mexican Highlands Producer defined 82 Sonoran Desert Producer defined 83 Mojave Desert Producer defined 84 Pinyon-Juniper Woodlands Producer defined 85 Pitt-Klamath Plateau Producer defined 86 Wyoming Basin Producer defined 87 Intermountain Grasslands Producer defined 88 Basin and Range Producer defined 89 Columbia Plateau Producer defined 90 S. California Grasslands Producer defined 91 Central Valley Producer defined 92 California Foothills Producer defined 93 S. Pacific Rainforests Producer defined 94 N. Pacific Rainforests Producer defined 95 Los Angeles Ranges Producer defined 96 Southern Alaska Coast Producer defined 98 Willamette Lowlands Producer defined 99 Tundra Producer defined BCRBird Conservation Region where the route is located. Source: U.S. NABCI Committee. 2000. North American Bird Conservation Initiative: Bird Conservation Region Descriptions. 44pp. Available at: https://www.birdscanada.org/research/gislab/index.jsp?targetpg=bcr&targetpg=bcrProducer Defined 1 Aleutian/Bering Sea Islands Producer defined 2 Western Alaska Producer defined 3 Arctic Plains And Mountains Producer defined 4 Northwestern Interior Forest Producer defined 5 Northern Pacific Rainforest Producer defined 6 Boreal Taiga Plains Producer defined 7 Taiga Shield And Hudson Plains Producer defined 8 Boreal Softwood Shield Producer defined 9 Great Basin Producer defined 10 Northern Rockies Producer defined 11 Prairie Potholes Producer defined 12 Boreal Hardwood Transition Producer defined 13 Lower Great Lakes/ St. Lawrence Plain Producer defined 14 Atlantic Northern Forest Producer defined 15 Sierra Nevada Producer defined 16 Southern Rockies/Colorado Plateau Producer defined 17 Badlands And Prairies Producer defined 18 Shortgrass Prairie Producer defined 19 Central Mixed Grass Prairie Producer defined 20 Edwards Plateau Producer defined 21 Oaks And Prairies Producer defined 22 Eastern Tallgrass Prairie Producer defined 23 Prairie Hardwood Transition Producer defined 24 Central Hardwoods Producer defined 25 West Gulf Coastal Plain/Ouachitas Producer defined 26 Mississippi Alluvial Valley Producer defined 27 Southeastern Coastal Plain Producer defined 28 Appalachian Mountains Producer defined 29 Piedmont Producer defined 30 New England/Mid-Atlantic Coast Producer defined 31 Peninsular Florida Producer defined 32 Coastal California Producer defined 33 Sonoran And Mojave Deserts Producer defined 34 Sierra Madre Occidental Producer defined 35 Chihuahuan Desert Producer defined 36 Tamaulipan Brushlands Producer defined 37 Gulf Coastal Prairie Producer defined Year Four-digit year of the survey. Producer Defined AOU Five-digit species identification number. (Leading zeros may not appear in the spreadsheet) Producer Defined RefugeNameRefuge names were added for each record.Producer Defined OnOffRefuge Does the route occur on or off refuge lands? Producer Defined PRIMR Is the route listed in the refuge's PRIMR list as a current or historic survey? Producer Defined ScientificName Scientific Name as provided by the BBS dataset, these have not been changed in any way. Producer Defined GenusName Genus Name as provided by the BBS dataset, these have not been changed in any way. Producer Defined SpeciesName Species Name as provided by the BBS dataset, these have not been changed in any way. Producer Defined CommonName Common Name as provided by the BBS dataset, these have not been changed in any way. Producer Defined Data files and fields are described and defined here, with additional information in a SpeciesList.txt (A list of bird species and associated AOU code found in this data set). A geospatial point file is also provided for use in mapping, this geospatial file (BBS_5miles_R1NWR.shp) can be joined to the NABBS_Dataset1966_2019-R1NWR.csv to create species specific maps. All data are stored in self-extracting zip files that contain comma separated values (.csv) text files. The first line of each data file contains the column headers. https://ecos.fws.gov/ServCat/Reference/Profile/146112 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Region, Inventory and Monitoring Program mailing and physical

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Portland OR 97232 United States 1-360-319-3553 erin_stockenberg@fws.gov Source data, identified as the North American Breeding Bird Survey Dataset, has been approved for release and publication by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Canadian Wildlife Service of Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC). Although this database has been subjected to rigorous review and is substantially complete, the USGS and ECCC reserve the right to revise the data pursuant to further analysis and review. Furthermore, it is released on the condition that the USGS, the U.S. Government, the ECCC, and the Canadian Government may not be held liable for any damages resulting from its authorized or unauthorized use. This dataset is a subset of data attributes selected from the (full) 1966-2019 North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) dataset to assist in populating the U.S. Fish and Wildlife's FWSpecies application. This subset data was used to add species occurence information to species lists for each refuge in the Pacific Northwest (Washington, Oregon, Idaho). The subset dataset is available on ServCat (The Service Catalog). 20220713 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Region, Inventory and Monitoring Program mailing and physical

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Portland OR p7232 USA 1-360-319-3553 erin_stockenberg@fws.gov FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999